Information Reported By Romanian Companies -Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The Information Reported By Romanian Companies? Answer: Introduction The Australian Auditing Standards assist the auditors pertaining to the results of audit processes to accomplish the goals of auditing. In this context, some of the standards suggested by AASB are ASA 315, ASA 570 and ASA 701. While ASA 315 states the Identification and Assessing the Risks of Material Mismanagement through Understanding the entity and its Environment. It describes the responsibility of the auditors to assess the entity through reviewing its internal atmosphere and governing measures. ASA 570 is related with the auditing of the financial statements regarding the matters relating to the organizations survival as a successful concern. ASA 701 deals with the auditors responsibility to mention the crucial matters of audit in relation to the analyzed risk as per ASA 315 and ASA 570 in the auditors report (Auditing and Assurance Standards Board, 2016). In the following report, the above mentioned auditing standards would be applied by evaluating the financial reports of Bega Cheese Limited by the Independent Auditors PricewaterhouseCoopers. The results of the interpretations are also mentioned in this report. Bega Cheese Limited is an operations which deals in dairy products. Its headquarters are situated in Australian town Bega, New South Wales. It is amongst the biggest dairy companies in Australia. Its value is around AS$ 775 Million as of January, 2017. It deals in cheese and cheese products under its flagship brand Bega.It has the share of around 15.7 % of the Australian retail cheese market. The other products of this company are powdered milk and nutritional products manufactured under Bega Bio nutrients brand (Bega Cheese Limited, 2018). Price Waterhouse Coopers, the auditors of the company are one of the largest firms providing professional services across the world. They are one of the Big Four auditors and the second largest provider of consultancy services internationally. Their services comprise of Assurance, advisory, legal consultancy, Actuarial and management consulting. They have employed around 236000 employees as in 2017 and operate in 157 countries and 743 locations (PWC Australia, 2018). Assessment of the risk associated with Substantial Mismanagement as per ASA 315 According to ASA 315, the auditors should evaluate and recognize the risk of material misstatements in the financial reports of the company. The auditors review the environment of the organization including its internal control. It helps them in designing the responses to the assessed risk of material mismanagement (Auditing and Assurance Standards Board, 2013). The threats and the key audit matters as mentioned above are as follows: Financial Risks: The Company is exposed to various financial risks such as market risk which includes currency risk, interest rate risk and price risk. It also comprises of credit risk and liquidity risk. Since the company faces fluctuations in the financial market ,so it attempts to nullify the effect on its performance (Bega Cheese Limited, 2015).The various risks are defined as under: Market Risk: The organization is confronted to market risk due to the variations in the value of foreign currency and interest rate movements. It arises due to sale and purchase of goods in other countries. The foreign exchange risk emerges due to future commercial transactions and assets and liabilities which are designated in currencies of the other countries from which they are acquired. So, the company is facing the foreign exchange risk relating to the trade receivables amounting to US$ 19.429 Million and the trade payables amounting to US$ 3.689 Million in the FY 2016. The trade receivables exposed to foreign exchange risk amounted to US$ 25.911 Million in FY 2015. The interest rate risk arises due to long term borrowings issued and borrowed by the company at fluctuating and fixed rates. In FY 2015, the company was exposed to Interest rate risk amounted to AUS$ 58.216 Million while in 2016, it amounted to AUS$ 52.842 Million (Bega Cheese Limited, 2016). The company is exposed to equity securities price risk originating from the investments held by the company in listed companies. The company is facing the risk of material mismanagement as the management can manipulate the data of foreign currency transactions and exposures, in the financial statements (Shinde, Stone Willems, 2013). Credit Risk: It occurs when the creditors do not satisfy their financial commitments, arising in the financial loss to the company is termed as Credit risk. The company is exposed to credit risk arising due to cash and cash equivalents, derivatives, deposits with the bank and credit exposures to the customers. There is a risk of material mismanagement as the management can mismanage the quantum of risk which it has set for each bank or customer (Bazley, Hancock Robinson, 2014). The company is facing the credit risk exposure amounting to AUD$ 128.53 Million in FY 2015 and it was exposed to credit risk of AUD$ 152.55 Million in FY 2016. Liquidity Risk: It arises when the organization does not satisfy its financial commitments as and when they arise is termed as Liquidity risk. The company is facing the risk of material misstatement as the management can misappropriate the statistics of the assets which are meant to be liquidated as and when the need to fulfill the financial obligation arises (Tasios Bekiaris, 2012). Closed Group disclosure: Bega Cheese and Tatura Milk have entered a deed of cross guarantee in which the company guarantees the debt of the other company. The Tatura milk has now been dismissed from the need of preparing the financial statements as per Class Order 98/1418 issued by the Australian Securities and Investments Commission. Foreign Currency Translation: The financial statements are prepared using the home currency. The foreign currency translation is converted into the home currency using the exchange rate for the relevant period. It may result in the variations in the exchange rates having an impact on the companys net assets, profit and other values. The management can mishandle the data related to the exchange rates (Silviu Timea, 2015). The profit earned by the company in the FY 2015 amounted to AUS$ 12.41 Million whereas in FY 2016, it amounted to AUS$ 28.78 Million. In FY 2015 the property, plant and equipment amounted to AUS$ 209.71 Million whereas in FY 2016, they amounted to AUS$ 219.95 Million. The inventories valued to AUS$ 194.89 Million in FY 2015 whereas in FY 2016, it valued to AUS$ 192.40 Million. The net debt of the company in the FY 2015 amounted to AUS$ 58.69 Million whereas in FY 2016, it amounted to AUS$ 53.08 Million. The equity of the company amounted to AUS$ 312.67 Million whereas in FY 2016, it amounted to AUS$ 327.84 Million (Bega Cheese Limited, 2016). The share price of the company is AUS$ 7.07 per share. One year change in the share price of the company is estimated to be 32.15 % amounting to be AUS$ 9.34 (Financial Times, 2018). So, there is rise in the profits as well as in the share price of the company, which is a positive sign for the growth of the company. Auditors Assessment pertaining to the areas associated with the risk of substantial mismanagement as per ASA570. The auditors assessed the market risk as per ASA 570 and perceived measures implemented by the management to diminish them. Some of them were as follows: Augustine et al. (2013) suggests that to mitigate the foreign exchange risk, sensitivity analysis technique, cash flow forecasting and forward contracts are adopted by the management. Interest rate swaps are used to reduce the interest rate risk. Around 30-80 % of the foreign currency exposures are hedged in respect of 12 months estimated sales. The management reviews the equity securities price risk to lessen the risks associated with the business of the company. The management permits only independently rating parties with a minimum AA rating regarding banks and financial institutions to manage credit risks. For the consumers, their credit obligations are dependent on the financial position, past experience and other aspects. Credit insurance is applied for the international debtors and some Australian customers. The company maintains sufficient cash and marketable securities to reduce the liquidity risk. It observes and controls the forecast and real cash flows along with matching maturity profiles of financial assets and liabilities. Foreign exchange profits and losses resulting from foreign currency translations are regulated through hedging techniques (Griffiths, 2016). The impact on the audit of important transactions which occurred during the period As per ASA 701(Para 9), auditors take the decisions pertaining to the important audit matters which are related to managerial activities. They assess the areas related to higher risk of material misstatements according to ASA 315(Auditing and Assurance Standards Board, 2015). It also comprises of judgment of the auditors related to the areas in the financial report especially accounting estimates which are prone to high valuation ambiguity. With reference to Bega Cheese Limited, the impact on the audit of important audit transactions is as follows: Due to market risk, the organization can face risk of foreign currency variations and interest rate movements. It exports its products and deals in US Dollar and Euro. Capital equipment, raw materials and packaging are also purchase internationally. Due to this, it confronts variations in the foreign exchange rates and interest rates, resulting in the threats of increased prices at the time of payment of the final amounts. Due to the volatility in the interest rates in the international markets, the company has to pay more cash at the time of payment. Due to credit risk, the company has to suffer with cash outflows as the counterparty may not fulfill its financial commitments. The company may not satisfy its financial obligations resulting in liquidity risk. Due to variations in the foreign exchange rates, the firm can be confronted with the threat of foreign currency translation. It can be due to decrease in the value of monetary assets and liabilities resulting in the loss to the firm (Gelbstein, 2016). The profit of the company has risen from AUS$ 12.41 Million in 2015 to AUS$ 28.78 Million in 2016. It has noted an increase of AUS$16.37 Million, so the company is progressing towards achieving its goal. Simultaneously, the property, plant and machinery of the entity has increased from AUS$ 209.71 Million in 2015 to AUS$ 219.95 Million in 2016, thereby noting an increase of AUS $10.24 Million. The inventory has reduced from AUS$ 194.89 Million to AUS$ 192.40 Million. It has noted a reduction of AUS$2.49 Million. It means that the sales are at a faster rate and the stock doesnt stays longer in the finished goods section which is a good sign for the company. The net debt of the company has decreased from AUS$ 58.69 Million to AUS$ 53.08 Million which means that there are fewer loans for the company to repay. Also the equity has increased from AUS$ 312.67 Million to AUS$ 327.84 Million. It denotes that the owned funds are more than owed funds. The net debt to equity ratio has decreased from 19 % to 16 % (Bega Cheese Limited, 2016). The future estimate of the share price of the company is 32.15 % growth in the upcoming one year, which is a positive sign for the growth of the company (Financial Times, 2018). Events having influence on the entitys capability to survive as a successful entity As per ASA 570, the accounts of the company are prepared assuming that it would be able to survive in the future, except that the managerial personnel stops its commercial undertakings when it has no other alternative left (Auditing and Assurance Standards Board, 2015).The discretion of the management if the company would be able to survive in the future, is dependent upon variety of aspects. The environment of the industry in which it operates, its complications, the nature of management, the uncertainty of the events are some of the factors which influence its capacity to continue as a successful concern in the future. It also affects the decision making of the managerial personnel. Where it seems that the company cannot carry on its transactions continuously, it may not survive successfully as a going concern (Mironiuc, Robu Robu, 2012). The risks confronted by Bega Cheese Limited, including market risk, foreign exchange risk, interest rate risk and equity securities price risk does not impact its capacity to survive as a successful entity as it has executed future contracts and forward foreign currency contracts to safeguard itself from exchange rate risks. For safeguarding against the credit risk confronted by the company, it has adopted certain procedures relating to holding the title of the debtors, unless full payment is received by them. For trade receivables, it has safeguarded its reserves in case the counterparty may not be able to fulfill its commitments. As a result, it cannot impact its capacity to survive as a successful entity in the future. To safeguard itself from liquidity risk and foreign currency translation risk, the organization has executed the hedging techniques as cash flow hedges to protect its funds company from threats of foreign currency fluctuations (Baldauf, Steckel Steller, 2015). Conclusions Thus to conclude, the aim of the auditors is to assess the financial documents of the company and state their observations regarding the progress and risks of substantial misstatements of the entity. They must execute assuring that the financial statements does not project any probability of misconduct and errors .It may affect the companys capability to survive as a successful concern in the future (Robu Robua, 2015). Auditing comprises of various steps such as accumulation of information in relation to the transactions of the company and its internal administration. It comprises of analyzing the genuineness and reliability of the financial transactions of the company. These are verified with the help of evidences at the operating level and through its books of accounts. If the auditors find some mistakes or frauds, then they suggest the methodology to correct as well as control them to stop their occurrence in the future. The staff that is responsible for committing the fraud or errors should be severely penalized to stop the occurrence in the future. Also, training sessions should be conducted on an ongoing basis for the personnel to train them for proper implementation of the policies and procedures regarding accounting estimations and to prevent frauds ( Kirogo, Ngahu Wagoki,2014). The auditors conducted the audit of Bega Cheese Limited, which is one of the largest entities on ASX. It has acted in accordance with the applicable Australian Auditing Standards. The auditors have reviewed the crucial transactions of the organization on the basis of the Australian Auditing Standards. They have suggested appropriate methods to rectify the accounting policies adopted by the company in its areas of operations. References Auditing and Assurance Standards Board (2015) Auditing Standard ASA 701 Communicating Key Audit Matters in the Independent Auditors Report [online]. Available https://www.auasb.gov.au/admin/file/content102/c3/ASA_701_2015.pdf [Accessed 24th January, 2018]. Auditing and Assurance Standards Board (2015) Auditing Standard ASA 570 Going Concern [online]. Available https://www.auasb.gov.au/admin/file/content102/c3/ASA_570_2015.pdf [Accessed 24th January, 2018]. Auditing and Assurance Standards Board (2016) Australian Auditing Standards [online]. Available https://www.auasb.gov.au/Pronouncements/Australian-Auditing-Standards.aspx [Accessed 23rd January, 2018]. Auditing and Assurance Standards Board(2013) Auditing Standard ASA 315 Identifying and Assessing the Risks of Material Misstatement through Understanding the Entity and Its Environment[online]. Available https://www.auasb.gov.au/admin/file/content102/c3/Nov13_Compiled_Auditing_Standard_ASA_315.pdf [Accessed 23rd January, 2018]. Augustine, Enofe,O., Mgbame, C., L. , Odeyile ,G. Kuegbe,K. (2013) Impact of Audit Evidence on Auditors Report. 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