Becoming a Citizen in a Democratic Society

Melatonin essays

Melatonin essays The pineal body, also known as the pineal gland, is a small structure extending from the posterior border of the brain within the third ventricle and along the midline (1,2). It is not actually part of the brain, but a member of the endocrine system (1). This pea-sized, pine coned shape structure was first given attention to in 1963 when it was discovered that its chief secretion, melatonin, was involved with various organ and tissue regulation (3). Before then, the structure was only believed to be the remains of a primitive sensory system (3). Much is still unknown about this member of the endocrine system. Melatonin is the major secretory product of the pineal body although many peptide and amine secretions have been recognized coming from this structure (1). Melatonins primary role is in the regulation of circadian rhythms, including sleep/wake cycles and core body temperature, and is sometimes called the master hormone because of this (3). However, it is uncertain whether it can fully regulate all human circadian rhythms (4). The chemical structure of melatonin is small and similar to that of serotonin (3). It is distributed to various organs and tissues through the circulatory system as a hormone and secretion levels rise at night because it is stimulated by darkness and suppressed by light (3,5). This is because is it synthesized by photoreceptor structures in the pineal gland which receive input indirectly from visual pathways (1,5). High melatonin levels cause drowsiness and most people prefer to sleep at night because the darkness stimulates melatonin secretion (3). Oral doses of melatonin can shift the bodys clock forward or backward making it a treatment for insomnia, jet lag, seasonal depression and time changes, although a possible side effect may be daytime drowsiness in a few sensitive people (3). Melatonin may also be a possible treatment for certain cancers. Women with e...

The Great Gatsby by F. Scott Fitzgerald Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

The Great Gatsby by F. Scott Fitzgerald - Essay Example Daisy is Nick's cousin, Tom's wife, and the woman that Gatsby loves. She had promised to wait for Jay Gatsby until the end of the war, but after meeting Tom Buchanan and comparing his extreme wealth to Gatsby's poverty, she broke her promise. Daisy uses her frailty as an excuse for her extreme immaturity. A brutal, hulking man, Tom Buchanan is a former Yale football player who, like Daisy, comes from an immensely wealthy Midwestern family. His racism and sexism are symptomatic of his deep insecurity about his elevated social position. Tom is a vicious bully, physically menacing both his wife and his mistress. He is a thoroughgoing hypocrite as well: though he condemns his wife for her infidelity, he has no qualms about carrying on an affair himself. Daisy's longtime friend, Jordan Baker is a professional golfer who cheated in order to win her first tournament. Jordan is extremely cynical, with a masculine, icy demeanor that Nick initially finds compelling. The two become briefly involved, but Jordan rejects him on the grounds that he is as corrupt and decadent as she is. An earthy, vital, and voluptuous woman, Myrtle is desperate to improve her life. She shares a loveless marriage with George Wilson, a man who runs a shabby garage.

Secondary Research Assignment Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Secondary Assignment - Research Paper Example Secondary Research Assignment Change is inevitable for growth and development of an organization. This article outlines the aspects of change, the logistics of initiating and implementing the change. Lines (2004) outlines the benefits that accrue to people when they take part in a number of activities pertaining to change in organizational operations. These benefits include the enhancement in decision making with regard to the change variables. It also highlights timely responses required when change takes effect. In addition, the article highlights the effect of change processes in aspects of life like social environment. The claims of Lines in this article have been supported by renowned scholars; hence, they are reliable in practical application. Critical Evaluation The article failed to exhaust all variables of the change process. For instance, communication factor was not discussed, yet it is a critical variable in order for communication to take effect. The strategies of managing change were not highlighted ; hence, the article did not give full information concerning aspect of change. The reason for choosing the three articles is because they contain information on the influence of participation on strategic management. The authors have written their ideas in a logical manner that makes a reader able to comprehend the concept easily. The reason for starting with article â€Å"Strategic change: The effects of founding and history† is because it analyzes the concept of participation on strategic management than the others article. ... â€Å"Public participation in corporate planning—strategic management in a Kibitzer's world† comes last because the author has failed to elaborate the major concepts necessary for a reader to understand the concept. Boeker, W. - Strategic change: The effects of founding and history Thesis: Analyze the initiation and implementation of strategic change within an organization. Hypothesis: Change is inevitable within an organization; hence, participation of all stakeholders in its implementation is crucial. How the hypothesis was tested: Testing theories were used to affirm the hypothesis. Summary: The participation of all stakeholders in initiation of change is relevant in the modern change scenario. This gives the readers appropriate information regarding importance of change, the effects and shortcomings of change. For instance, managers from different organizations were included; hence, the management got insight into many management issues concerning change. The partic ipation in change processes is related to the organizational development and overall organizational goal achievements (Boeker, 2009). On the other hand, the participation in change is not related to the lack of co-operation from subjects of change. Positive effects of change occur as a result of the synchronization of planned change and the culture of the organization. Moreover, the personal goals of the people affected by change determine the success of any change initiative. The article also highlights that the incorporation of members of an organization in the general change processes leads to the achievement of the organizational objectives. This is because the effects of change are understood; hence, organizational change is supported by the very people whom

Number Of Tourist Arrivals To Singapore Tourism Essay

Number Of Tourist Arrivals To Singapore Tourism Essay This report was commissioned to examine why the number of tourist arrivals to Singapore has dropped over 2009 and the recommend ways of increasing the number of tourist arrivals to Singapore. Tourism is the worlds largest industry. Tourism provides governments with the substantial tax revenues as well as offers the greatest global employment prospects. Based on the Media Release from Singapore Tourism Board (STB) on 23 April 2009 and 27 October 2009, the number of tourist arrivals to Singapore has declined compared to 2008. The overall of gazetted hotel industry performance also drop compared to a year ago. The reduction of the total number of tourist arrivals to Singapore was caused by swine influenza or pig flu which attack Singapore in 2009. Another reason for the decline in number of tourist arrivals to Singapore was the global economy crisis which affected all sectors around the world. The report finds that STB can do more to attract more tourists to come and spend in Singapore. Recommendations discussed include: engage with tour operators and travel agencies in overseas practice the revenue management system in hotels promote Singapore by publishing advertisements in overseas 2. Problem Identification and Analysis According to the statistics on April 2009, from Media Release by Singapore Tourism Board (STB), the overall number of visitor arrivals to Singapore has dropped to 790,000 in March 2009, which were about 13.2% compared to the same month in 2008. The overall gazetted hotel industry performance also drop compared to 2008. The Average Room Rate (AOR) decreased by 13.1% with total 74% for March 2009. The Average Room Rate (ARR) for March 2009 was estimated at S$196, which was 18.5% decrease compared to a year ago. Revenue Per Available Room (RevPar) was reached S$145, posting a 30.9% decrease against March 2008. Hotel room revenue was expected to reach S$125 million, representing a 33.3 percentage point decrease in March 2009. Swine influenza or also called by pig flu is one of the reason which affect the reduction of total number of tourist arrivals to Singapore. As of 21 June 2009, based on Ministry of Health website, there were 142 reported human cases of swine flu in Singapore (SMF, 2009). Another key influence can be caused by the financial crisis in 2007. The global economy crisis has resulted in the collapse of large financial institutions, downturns in stock markets, and bailout of banks by national governments around the world. Refers to the statistics from October 2009, the visitor arrivals to Singapore registered an increase number to 799,000 or about 7.1% in September 2009. Indonesia, Peoples Republic of China, Australia, Malaysia, and India were the top five visitor-generating markets in Singapore for year 2009. The increase of total number of visitor arrivals to Singapore can be due to Formula 1 (F1) Singapore Grand Prix which was held from 25 September to 27 September 2009. F1 had attracted a lot of visitors to come to Singapore to watch and enjoy the race. The other factor that influence the total number of visitor arrivals to Singapore is the public holidays, e.g., Hari Raya holidays and Japans five days Silver Week. 3. Statement of Key problem and Issues Based on the Media Release from STB, currently there are four types of hotel tier in Singapore. The hotel tier system is used to categorise the different hotels in Singapore by STB into tiers based on a combination of factors that include location, average room rates, and product characteristics (STB, 2006). The four types of hotel tiers are economy, mid -tier, upscale, and luxury. Economy tier includes hotels in the budget segment and are generally located in outlying areas (STB, 2006). In March 2009, hotels in economy tier achieved the smallest decrease in ARR and RevPar compared to March 2008. Mid tier includes hotels which are primarily located in prime commercial zones or immediately outlying areas (STB, 2006). Hotels in mid tier recorded the highest and the least decline AOR compared to other three tiers in March 2009. The most decline AOR in March 2009 was achieved by economy tier hotels. Based on the statistics in September 2009, the AOR of all tiers increased compared to the same month last year. It was represent the growth of the total number of tourist arrivals to Singapore. Upscale tier includes hotels in the upscale segment and are generally in prime locations or hotels with boutique positioning in prime or distinctive locations (STB, 2006). Hotels in upscale tier achieved the smallest decline in RevPar and ARR in September 2009 compared to a year ago. Hotels in upscale tier also recorded the largest growth of more than 5% compared to other tiers in September 2009. This indicates that hotels in upscale tier are not having a significant impact compared to hotels in economy-tier, mid-tier, and luxury-tier. 4. Generation and Evaluation of Alternative Solutions STB can engage the tour operators and travel agencies in overseas which cooperate with Singapore to promote the Singapores tourism sector to their countries. The tour operators and travel agencies may promote Singapore by organizing either free and easy or tour packages to Singapore as the destination to spend their holidays with couple and family. Hotels also may practice the revenue management system in their hotels. Revenue management system is used in a hotel to calculate the room rates in order to maximize the revenue as well as the profit. Rooms in a hotel are the perishable products and any rooms which unsold in a night are calculated as a loss. With the revenue management system, hotels can calculate their rates to be offered to their guests. STB also can promote Singapore by publishing advertisements in the foreign countries, e.g., South Korea, Taiwan, United Kingdom, and many others. The advertisements can be used to promote the major events in Singapore in order to attract more tourists to come and visit Singapore. 5. Implementation of Recommendations STB was announced BOOST (Building On Opportunities to Strengthen Tourism) in 2009. STB provided S$90 million to help the tourism sector ride through the challenging times. The aims of BOOST are to boost the demand of tourists to travel to Singapore, the governments funding support to the tourism sector, as well as the future of the tourism sector (STB, 2006). Tourism industry will bring the multiplier effect when the money are being spend by the tourist to travel, to stay in a hotel, and to eat in a restaurant. The money is recycled by the travel agency, hotel, as well as restaurant to purchase more goods and even to hire more people. Employees of the businesses which are the local community also will spend a higher proportion of their money locally on various goods and services. In the tourism industry, each tourism segment also need to acknowledge the interdependency between the various segments of tourism, for example: lodging, travel, food service, and attraction or recreation place. With the interdependency, those businesses can create more profits by attract more tourists to come to Singapore and spend more in Singapore. For example: travel agency in Singapore can coordinate with hotel, restaurant, as well as the attraction place to provide tourists who come to Singapore by a tour package. Travel agency can create a package with a combination of air ticket, accommodation, dining, and city tour. 6. Current and Future Trends of Singapore Tourism Integrated Resort Resort World Sentosa and Marina Bay Sands are the two integrated resorts in Singapore which had opened in 2010. Resort World Sentosa was developed by Genting Singapore while Marina Bay Sands was developed by Las Vegas Sands. The completion of Resort World Sentosa and Marina Bay Sands are expected to boost the tourism sector in Singapore. Formula One (F1) Singapore Grand Prix Formula One (F1) Singapore Grand Prix is the major event in Singapore which started in 2008. The first race was held at the new Marina Bay Street Circuit and it was the first night-time event in F1 history (Wikipedia, 2010). Singapore Tourism Board (STB) was signed a five year deal with Singapore GP Pte Ltd. and Bernie Ecclestone in order to boost the tourism sector in Singapore by attract fans of F1 and foreign tourists to come to Singapore as well as enjoy the Singapores lifestyle. Great Singapore Sale (GSS) Great Singapore Sale (GSS) is an annual shopping event which organised by Singapore Retailers Association, under support from STB and Spring Singapore, in order to promote the tourism sector in Singapore. GSS is conducted in the end of May to the end of July every year in Singapore. During GSS, there are many special privileges that malls, stores, and retail companies offer to tourists, for example: late midnight shop, gourmet dining, wellness, and nightlife experience (Wikipedia, 2010). Gardens by the Bay The Gardens by the Bay is the combination of three major parks around the Marina Bay and it is expected to be complete by the end of year 2011. The three parks will be at Marina Centre, Marina South, and Marina East. Gardens by the Bay will be serving as the second Singapore botanical garden which allocate of 94 hectares of prime waterfront land for park space (Wikipedia, 2010). The expectation for the development of Gardens by the Bay is to attract more tourists to come to Singapore.

Dr.George Borg Olivier

Dr. George Borg Olivier (1950-1955, 1962-1971) | | Notary Giorgio Borg Olivier, was born in Valletta on the 5th July, 1911. He was educated at the Lyceum, Malta, and the Royal university of Malta. He graduated Doctor of Laws in 1937. In 1939 he was elected to the Council of Government. With the return of responsible Government in 1947 Dr. Borg Olivier was elected to the Legislative Assembly. In 1950 he held the post of Minister of Works and Reconstruction and the post of Minister of Education in the Government led by Dr Enrico Mizzi.He succeeded Dr Mizzi as Prime Minster and Minister of Justice on the latter's death in December 1950. After the general elections held in May 1951, Borg Olivier formed a coalition Government with the Malta Works Party. He was Head of the new Government, he retained the Ministry of Works and Reconstruction. He was again returned to office in 1953 and was Head of a Coalition Government with the Malta Worker's Party until he was defeated in 1955. From 1955 to 1958 Dr Borg Olivier was leader of Opposition.He led the delegations in June and September 1955 for the Malta Round Table Conference and in November 1958 he led a delegation for talks in London about the restoration of self-government. Following the February 1962 election, Giorgio Borg Olivier accepted to form a Government after obtaining important amendments to the Constitution. In addition to being Prime Minister, he assumed the portfolio of Minister of Economic Planning and Finance. In June he made a formal request for independence and in September of the same year he attended the Commonwealth Prime Minister's Meeting.On the 13th July, 1963, Borg Olivier headed a Government delegation for the Malta Independence Conference at the end of which it was announced that Malta would become independent. After having had a series of talks with the British Government and after preparing a Constitution for and independent Malta, which was endorsed by Parliament and approved by the people in a referendum held in February 1964, and the 21st September was set as Malta's Independence Day.On Independence Day the degree of Doctor of Literature (Honoris Causa) was conferred on Borg Olivier by the Royal University of Malta. On 25th January, 1964, Borg Olivier was made a Knight Grand Cross of the Order of St. Sylvester, Pope, by His Holiness Pope Paul VI. In November 1964, he was received by His Holiness Pope Paul VI and made Knight Grand Cross of the Order of Pius IX. In March 1965, he became Minister of commonwealth and Foreign Affairs in addition to his duties as Prime Minister and Minister of Economic Planning and Finance.In the General Elections held in March 1966, the Nationalist Party was again returned to power with Borg Olivier as Prime Minister and Minister of Commonwealth and Foreign Affairs. On the 14th June, 1968, Dr Borg Olivier was decorated with the Grand Cross of Merit of the Order of Malta by the Grand Master of the Sovereign Military Hospitallier Order of St. John of Jerusalem, of Rhodes and of Malta. Giorgio Borg Olivier married Alexandra Mattei in 1943. They have one daughter: Angela, and two sons: Alexander and Peter. Died on 29th October, 1980.

Top Tips of Social Issue

Top Tips of Social Issue The Key to Successful Social Issue There are a couple main things you will need to be aware of before you even begin picking social issues essay topics. The following are learning resources associated with social troubles. When you get a task to compose an essay on a social issue, you're given a chance to open an exciting discourse. If a job is important enough, terribly challenging though it might be, perhaps we don't have any choice except to try. Social Issue Options Keeping a continuous interest in varied social fields isn't just beneficial for staying connected to the social reality, it is likewise an advantage for businesses that are looking to stay on top of the curve. There's also no unified database for most public sector expenditures globally and so it is quite tough to measure anything on a worldwide scale. Secondly, employment service should supply the unemployed with funds to begin their own enterprise. Of course, before providing the loan, it must ensure that the borrower's business plan is competitive and meets the general requirements. Some might never effect you at all throughout your everyday life. If you're somebody who's presenting as male and your health card says female, that's not going to be a simple appointment at the physician, Abramovich explained. Which is terrifying because all of us know getting help is the ideal thing to do. You're building an image of a social issue, and you will need to bring up every potential side of the story. When you compose a social issue essay, it is very important to demonstrate your private view of the issue. Mental illness is really a serious matter. If that's the case, then you're most likely to approach that issue in the next way. Thus the racial issue is similar to the circle issue that is hard to be stopped. Social Issue: the Ultimate Convenience! Each individual is going to have to deal with their emotion in their very own way. Women and girls fac e unimaginable challenges in practically every region of the world. If a category of people is not permitted to be educated, it's not possible for them to make important contributions to society in technological, economical, and health care arenas. The global community can't tolerate such grave events,'' he explained. The abusers must receive their worthy punishment. There are various stipulations of poverty it doesn't mean an individual is lazy or undesirable for work. For instance, when any time there's a news report about a Muslim person committing a crime it's viewed as a hateful terrorist attack. A totally free society won't be achieved if we attempt to conquer it individually. The Hidden Treasure of Social Issue People in poverty need money as a way to survive there isn't other way around it. Somebody who is educated is in a position to how to make money. The Canadian Senate is even poised to modify the English lyrics of the country's anthem to ensure it is gender-n eutral. Quite simply, the majority of our citizens depend on their work, since they have to get money. How to Get Started with Social Issue? All races in America if you're in need of assistance you ought to be able to find the help you need till that person doesn't require help anymore. Besides teen pregnancy, there are a huge number of important identified social issues in america today. Lots of people from the reduce class simply are not able to afford to attend college and make a degree. Americans should take pride in the progress we've made and ought to demand our leaders keep up the fight. Child abuse causes a wide variety of issues for kids. Alcohol in Russian families leaves a vital impact instead of only women are the victims, but in addition the children. Living with a single parent can change the emotional well-being of the kid. It is crucial to recognize the warning signs a kid is being abused. Sociologists use the expression deviance to define any kind of be havior that violates social norms. Social problems often involve issues that impact the actual world. Dominant groups will need to realize that they contribute greatly to the issue. When it isn't an individual who identifies as a Caucasian or non-muslim it's always just viewed as mental health problems. Despite the fact that, there's a law for buying alcohol, it still are not able to address the alcohol difficulties. The root cause of social problems is due to unemployment, which is additionally a social problem itself. A few of the negatives effects are harm, bad performance in various activities, and sometimes even health troubles. The next bad effect due to overcrowding on inmates is behavioral troubles. Where to Find Social Issue In earlier times people believe the male will handle tech-related work better than female because of their nature. Women must be loyal to men. Some believe they have the right to control their partners, and a few of them think that women aren't equal to men. As stated by the researchers, a rise in the concentration of poverty could influence government solutions, such as health, police and education. As a consequence, social issues can be raised by the unequal distribution of funding between public schools, including that seen in the United States of america. A fourth big source of poverty in the united states is due to deficiency of education. While there are lots of reasons for poverty in the united states, we've chosen to provide you five of the greatest causes below. As among the many minorities out there, please take into account what things to consider for this situation. According to usual, both main political parties have opposing views on the issue. Despite the fact that equal opportunity and systematic exclusion are, undoubtedly, important to the comprehension of affirmative action, the most crucial principle is not yet been discussed. In Russia, as an example, a bill aimed toward decriminalizing domestic violence recently passed the very first stage of approval in parliament.